Solutii inlocuitoare de volum sanguin

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Solutia	Na mEq/l	K mEq/l	Cl mEq/l	Ca mEq/l	Mg mEq/l	HCO3 mEq/l	Lactat mEq/l	Maleat mEq/l	Glucoza	Osm mOsm/l	pH
NaCl 0,9 %	154	0	154	0	0	0	0	0	0	308	4.5-7
Ringer	147	4	155.5	2.3	0	0	0	0	0	309	0
Ringer lactat	130	4	109	1.4	0	0	28	0	0	273	6-7.5
Harman	131	5	111	2	0	0	29	0	0	278	5-7
Gelaspan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gelofusine	154	0.4	125	0.4	0	0	0	0	0	465	7.4
Haemaccel	145	5	145	6.2	0	0	0	0	0	350	7.3
Glucoza 5%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	5.5
Glucoza 10 %	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	278	4.1
Sol dializa 10 %	154	0	154	0	0	0	0	0	0	300	5.5
Albumina	130	2	120	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	7.4
Plasma umana	135-145	3.5-5.3	94-111	2.2-2.6	0.8-1	24-32	1-2	0	0	275-295	7.35-7.45
HAES	154	0	154	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	5.5

Normal saline, when given in large volumes, produces hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis because of its high chloride content and lack of bicarbonate

Normal saline

is the preferred solution to correct hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis and

for diluting packed red blood cells (PRBCs) prior to transfusion. Five

percent dextrose in water (D5W) is used for the replacement of pure water

deficits and as a maintenance fluid for patients on sodium restriction.

Hypertonic 3% saline is sometimes employed in therapy for severe,

symptomatic hyponatremia (see Chapter 49). Hypotonic solutions must be

administered slowly to avoid inducing hemolysis.

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